Discourse Markers and Connectors
Master the sophisticated linking words and discourse markers that make your English cohesive, persuasive, and natural.
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Master the sophisticated linking words and discourse markers that make your English cohesive, persuasive, and natural.
Master the art of precise word choice by understanding connotation, register, and the subtle differences between near-synonyms.
Master the mandative subjunctive, were-subjunctive, formulaic subjunctives and related formal structures used in legal, academic, diplomatic and corporate English.
Avoid repetition like a native speaker with substitution (one, so, do so, not) and ellipsis (leaving words out) in conversation, negotiation and formal writing.
Use perfect and passive participle clauses, absolute constructions and fixed participle expressions to write compact, sophisticated sentences in reports, journalism and academic prose.
Use the vocabulary of strategy, change and stakeholder management precisely — and recognize when corporate language becomes empty jargon.
Understand and use the metaphors that dominate business and economic journalism — weather, war, sport, health, water and movement — and read financial news without losing the meaning.
Expand your vocabulary systematically with prefixes, suffixes and word families, and use the precise collocations that examiners reward in C2 Proficiency, IELTS Band 8–9 and professional writing.
Write executive summaries and decision memos that busy leaders actually read: bottom line up front, ruthless concision, precise evidence and persuasion without hype.
Summarize a text accurately and evaluate it critically: neutral reporting verbs, evaluative language, balanced judgement and a clear structure for reviews, response essays and academic critiques.
Deliver a short, persuasive pitch to executives or investors: hook, problem, solution, evidence, ask — with rhetorical control, precise language and credible handling of scepticism.
Challenge a decision, push back on a senior colleague or client, and say what others are avoiding — while preserving trust. Calibrate directness, use strategic questions and escalate carefully.
Stay composed in Q&A sessions, panel discussions, media interviews and job interviews: clarify, bridge, answer loaded or hostile questions, admit what you don't know and keep control of the room.
Network with ease: join a group already talking, introduce yourself memorably, move from small talk to substance, handle names you've forgotten, exit gracefully and follow up — with native-like naturalness.
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B1
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C1
C2